{"id":7016,"date":"2023-06-09T13:28:37","date_gmt":"2023-06-09T06:28:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/?p=7016"},"modified":"2023-06-09T13:28:37","modified_gmt":"2023-06-09T06:28:37","slug":"quat-nuoc-va-cach-van-hanh-hieu-qua","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.apanano.com\/vi\/news\/quat-nuoc-va-cach-van-hanh-hieu-qua\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Trong nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m, qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1y cho ao nu\u00f4i, gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cho v\u1ee5 nu\u00f4i.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Vai tr\u00f2<\/h4>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m cho d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n, t\u0103ng ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n cho \u00f4xy t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng l\u00e0m cho d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng, gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00f4xy \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1eafp trong kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a ao t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00f4xy (DO) trong n\u01b0\u1edbc trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4m l\u00e0 > 4 mg\/l. Trong ao nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m, c\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec DO t\u1eeb 6 \u2013 8 mg\/l l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c 4 mg\/l trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian nu\u00f4i, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u00eam.<\/p>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n n\u00ean gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng nhi\u1ec7t trong ao. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 pH, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n, t\u1ea3o, c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du\u2026 trong ao c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1eafp t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t ao xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y ao. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, pH\u2026 trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y m\u01b0a gi\u00f4ng, n\u1eafng g\u1eaft, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n

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\u1ea2nh: Shutterstock<\/em><\/p>\n

Gi\u1eef th\u1ee9c \u0103n l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, kh\u00f4ng cho l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y ao, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9c \u0103n; gi\u1eef c\u1eb7n b\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u1eeba l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1edbi \u00f4xy, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n d\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 amoniac v\u00e0 cacbohydrat t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u1eeba, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c kh\u00ed c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 N2<\/sub>, CH4<\/sub>, NH3<\/sub>, H2<\/sub>S ra kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Gi\u00fap h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi sinh d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u trong ao.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed1 tr\u00ed qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1o d\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y, gom ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u1eeba v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa ao \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng xiphong ra. K\u00edch th\u00edch t\u00f4m b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i do t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u01b0a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4m.<\/p>\n

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Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h4>\n

B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DO th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho t\u00f4m. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t, chuy\u1ec3n \u00f4xy t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ao.<\/p>\n

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C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/h4>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng trong ao nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m l\u00e0: Qu\u1ea1t 2 c\u00e1nh, qu\u1ea1t 4 c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea1t d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1nh tay d\u00e0i. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o chung c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c m\u00f4 t\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c c\u00f3 l\u1eafp 10 \u2013 15 c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u00e1nh l\u00e1: T\u1ea1o d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1ed1t;<\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u00e1nh m\u0169i: T\u1ea1o \u00f4xy t\u1ed1t;<\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u00e1nh nh\u00edm: Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1nh n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ao t\u00f4m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t;<\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u00e1nh nh\u1ef1a: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i r\u1ebb, d\u1ec5 mua, d\u1ec5 t\u00ecm n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 nu\u00f4i th\u00e2m canh v\u00e0 b\u00e1n th\u00e2m canh.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 t\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha th\u01b0\u1eddng cung c\u1ea5p \u00f4xy t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Khi qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea1y m\u00f4 t\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc tung l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00f4xy khuy\u1ebfch t\u00e1n t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ao s\u00e2u h\u01a1n 1,4 m v\u00e0 \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea1t c\u00e1nh l\u00e1 hay qu\u1ea1t c\u00e1nh nh\u1ef1a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i n\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u00eam qu\u1ea1t c\u00e1nh nh\u00edm \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00f4xy xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y ao. Nh\u01b0ng qu\u1ea1t c\u00e1nh nh\u00edm ch\u1ec9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ao nu\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1y c\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e1y l\u00f3t b\u1ea1t. N\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ao nhi\u1ec1u b\u00f9n v\u00e0 m\u00f9n b\u00e3 h\u1eefu c\u01a1, do l\u1ef1c t\u1ea1o d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ea1nh, qu\u1ea1t c\u00e1nh nh\u00edm s\u1ebd l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc ao b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee5c nhanh, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4m.<\/p>\n

T\u00f9y theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ao nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ao m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. M\u1ed9t qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i t\u1eeb 80 \u2013 120 kg t\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

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S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h4>\n

Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00f4m c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, ho\u1eb7c ao nu\u00f4i v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0a, n\u00ean b\u1eadt qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. Khi t\u00f4m l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n tr\u00ean 50 kg\/ha\/ng\u00e0y th\u00ec n\u00ean b\u1eadt qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ao nu\u00f4i TTCT m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean 40 con\/m2<\/sup>, t\u00f4m s\u00fa tr\u00ean 30 con\/m2<\/sup>\u00a0c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean, b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i b\u1eadt qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u1eb7n v\u00e0 trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 3 \u2013 6 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng. Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi TTCT, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 2 th\u1ea3 t\u00f4m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i n\u00ean b\u1eadt qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc 24\/24h.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 n\u1eafng, ao nu\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o \u00f4xy nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng l\u00fac tr\u1eddi \u00e2m u ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0a. L\u00fac n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i n\u00ean gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y qu\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 10 \u2013 20% th\u1eddi gian so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1eafng.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u00fac tr\u1eddi qu\u00e1 n\u00f3ng, m\u01b0a nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c \u00e2m u th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ea1y qu\u1ea1t. N\u1ebfu tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a l\u1edbn th\u00ec x\u1ea3 b\u1edbt l\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng \u00f4xy, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n

Sau khi cho t\u00f4m \u0103n, ch\u1ea1y qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef th\u1ee9c \u0103n l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi d\u1ed3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u1eeba v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa ao, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a amoniac th\u00e0nh nitrat.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m theo c\u00f4ng Biofloc, n\u00ean ch\u1ea1y qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean t\u1ee5c su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb l\u00fac cho \u0103n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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TSVN<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m, qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1y cho ao nu\u00f4i, gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cho v\u1ee5 nu\u00f4i. Vai tr\u00f2 Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m cho … \u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":722,"featured_media":7017,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sfsi_plus_gutenberg_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_show_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_type":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_alignemt":"","sfsi_plus_gutenburg_max_per_row":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[27,89],"tags":[860,522,801,858,623,857,859,856,143,825,826],"class_list":["post-7016","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-industry-news","tag-benh-dom-trang","tag-benh-ehp","tag-benh-ems","tag-chat-luong-moi-truong-nuoc","tag-nuoi-tom","tag-nuoi-tom-cong-nghe-cao","tag-phong-benh-cho-tom","tag-thuoc-cho-tom","tag-thuoc-thuy-san","tag-tom-su","tag-tom-the"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7016","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/722"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7016"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7016\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7018,"href":"https:\/\/www.apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7016\/revisions\/7018"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7017"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7016"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7016"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7016"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}